涉外婚姻的常见问题分析解答  Questions and Answers for Foreign-Related Marraige 

Question 1: 

1、涉外婚姻夫妻双方可以协议选择财产关系适用法律吗?

Can the husband and wife in a foreign-related marriage choose the applicable law of the property relationship by agreement?

2、如果没有选择，如何确定财产关系适用法律?

If there is no choice, how to determine the applicable law of property relations?  

Answer 1:

1、夫妻财产关系，当事人可以协议选择适用一方当事人经常居所地法律、国籍国法律或者主要财产所在地法律。

2、当事人没有选择的，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律。       

1. In the property relationship between husband and wife, the parties may choose by agreement to apply the law of one party's habitual residence, the law of the country of nationality or the law of the place where the main property is located.

2. If the parties have no choice, the law of the common habitual residence shall apply; if there is no common habitual residence, the law of the state of common nationality shall apply

Q2: 涉外父母子女人身、财产关系，适用哪种法律？What kind of law is applicable to the personal and property relations of foreign parents and children?

A2: 涉外父母子女人身、财产关系，适用共同经常居所地法律；没有共同经常居所地的，适用一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律中有利于保护弱者权益的法律。

The law of the common habitual residence shall apply to the personal and property relations of foreign-related parents and children; if there is no common habitual residence, the law of the habitual residence of one party or the law of the country of nationality that is conducive to the protection of the rights and interests of the weak shall apply.

Q3: 

1、国内出现的涉外婚姻介绍机构，合法吗？

2、电视、广播、报刊、杂志等新闻媒体播放或刊登涉外征婚广告，合法吗？     

1. Is it legal for foreign marriage agencies in China?

2. Is it legal for TV, radio, newspapers, magazines and other news media to broadcast or publish foreign marriage advertisements?

A3:

1、严禁成立涉外婚姻介绍机构。

国内婚姻介绍机构和其他任何单位都不得从事或变相从事涉外婚姻介绍业务。

任何个人不得采取欺骗手段或以营利为目的从事或变相从事涉外婚姻介绍活动。

2、电视、广播、报刊、杂志等新闻媒体不得播放或刊登涉外征婚广告。其他任何单位和个人也不得张贴或散发此类征婚广告。  

1. It is strictly forbidden to set up foreign marriage agencies.

Domestic marriage agencies and any other units are not allowed to engage in foreign-related marriage introduction business or in disguised form.

No individual is allowed to engage in foreign marriage introduction activities by deception or for the purpose of making profits.

2. TV, radio, newspapers, magazines and other news media are not allowed to broadcast or publish foreign marriage advertisements. No other unit or individual is allowed to post or distribute such advertisements.

Q4: 一方是内地居民，一方是华侨或外国人，离婚登记需要准备哪些证件和证明材料？One is a mainland resident, the other is an overseas Chinese or foreigner. What documents and supporting materials should be prepared for divorce registration?

A4: 

1、内地居民提供：

（一）本人的户口簿、身份证；

（二）本人的结婚证；

（三）双方当事人共同签署的离婚协议书一式三份。

2、华侨、外国人提供：

（一）本人的有效护照或者其他有效国际旅行证件；

（二）本人的结婚证；

（三）双方当事人共同签署的离婚协议书一式三份。              

1. Mainland residents provide:

（1） My household register and ID card;

（2） My marriage certificate;

（3） The divorce agreement signed by both parties is in triplicate.

2. Oversea Chinese and foreigners provide:

（1） My valid passport or other valid international travel documents;

（2） My marriage certificate;

（3） The divorce agreement signed by both parties is in triplicate.

Q5: 什么是法律上的“离婚冷静期”？有多长时间？夫妻双方可以约定“离婚冷静期”吗？“离婚冷静期”过后，夫妻双方没有申请离婚，该如何处理？

What is the legal "divorce cooling-off period"? How long does it take? Can husband and wife agree on a "cooling-off period for divorce"? After the "divorce cooling-off period", what will happen if the couple do not apply for a divorce?

A5: 

1、“离婚冷静期”是指自婚姻登记机关收到离婚登记申请之日起三十日内，任何一方不愿意离婚的,可以向婚姻登记机关撤回离婚登记申请。

2、“离婚冷静期”法定期限是30日，夫妻双方不得对“离婚冷静期”约定延长、减少、中止。

3、期限届满后三十日内，双方应当亲自到婚姻登记机关申请发给离婚证；未申请的，视为撤回离婚登记申请。    

1. "The party who is not willing to withdraw the divorce application from the divorce registration authority within 30 days" means that the party who is not willing to withdraw the divorce application from the divorce registration authority.

2. The legal time limit of "divorce cooling-off period" is 30 days, and the husband and wife shall not extend, reduce or terminate the "divorce cooling-off period".

3. If the application for divorce has not been withdrawn within 30 days after the expiration of the time limit, it shall be deemed that both parties have not applied for divorce in person.

Q6: 离婚时双方设定“冷静期”，即双方冷静一段时间后再复婚。为了确保未来顺利复婚，并且双方书面约定，“如果一方反悔，应当赔偿另外一方10万元损失费。”该协议有效吗？

During the divorce, both parties argee to set up a "cooling-off period", that is, both parties will calm down for a period of time and then remarry each other. In order to ensure a smooth remarriage in the future, and both parties agreed in writing, "if one party regrets, it should compensate the other party 100000 yuan for the loss." Is the agreement valid?

A6: 无效。复婚也属于结婚，必须遵从自愿原则。任何违反婚姻自由原则的约定皆属无效。

Invalid. Remarriage is also a kind of marriage, which must comply with the principle of voluntariness. Any agreement that violates the principle of freedom of marriage is invalid.

Q7: 什么是自然人的经常居所地？What is a natural person's habitual residence?

A7: 主要是以自然人生活时间长度为判断，简单说，以最后事件发生为节点，向前推算一年，如果在这个事件发生的地方连续居住一年以上，并且生活重心都在这个地方，就可以认定为经常居所地，但就医、劳务派遣、公务等情形除外。

It is mainly judged by the length of life of a natural person. To put it simply, take the occurrence of the last event as the node, and calculate one year forward. If you live in the place where the event happened for more than one year continuously, and the focus of life is in this place, you can be identified as the place of regular residence, except for medical treatment, labor dispatch, official business and other situations.

Q8: 

1、涉外协议离婚，夫妻双方可以协议选择适用法律吗？

2、如果没有选择，如何确定适用法律？                                                                                                                

1. Can husband and wife choose the applicable law by agreement?

2. If there is no choice, how to determine the applicable law?

A8: 

1、协议离婚，当事人可以协议选择适用一方当事人经常居所地法律或者国籍国法律。

2、当事人没有选择的，

（1）适用共同经常居所地法律；

（2）没有共同经常居所地的，适用共同国籍国法律；

（3）没有共同国籍的，适用办理离婚手续机构所在地法律。     

1. In the case of divorce by agreement, the parties may choose to apply the law of one party's habitual residence or the law of the country of nationality by agreement.

2. If the parties have no choice,

(1) Applying the law of common habitual residence;

(2) If there is no common habitual residence, the law of the state of common nationality shall apply;

(3) If there is no common nationality, the law of the place where the institution handling divorce procedures is located shall apply.

Q9: 离婚诉讼经常涉及到的案件类型（案由）有哪些？What are the types (causes) of divorce cases?

A9: 

案件类型包括：

（1）婚约财产纠纷

（2）夫妻财产约定纠纷

（3）离婚纠纷

（4）离婚后财产纠纷

（5）离婚后损害责任纠纷

（6）抚养费纠纷

（7）变更抚养关系纠纷

（8）扶养费纠纷

（9）变更扶养关系纠纷

（10）监护权纠纷

（11）探望权纠纷                    

The types of cases include:

(1) Marital property disputes

(2) Marital property agreement dispute

(3) Divorce dispute

(4) Property disputes after divorce

(5) Dispute on liability for damages after divorce

(6) Alimony dispute

(7) Dispute over change of foster relationship

(8) Disputes over alimony

(9) Disputes over the change of maintenance relationship

(10) Custody dispute

(11) The dispute of visitation right